实现点击屏幕任意位置播放点击特效。
屏幕点击特效
需求
现有一个需求，点击屏幕任意位置，播放一个点击特效。
美术已经做好了特效，效果如图：
特效容器
首先，画布是 Camera 模式，画布底下有一个 UIClickEffect 界面。
界面底下有一个 Effect 空节点，它带有 RectTransform 组件，后续会通过这个空节点设置特效的位置。
Effect 空节点底下则是美术制作好的特效。
创建脚本
检测输入
创建 ScreenClickEffect.cs 脚本，添加特效设置相关的字段。
在 Start 的时候把特效预制体默认隐藏，防止初始化时会播放一次特效。
在 Update 中检测鼠标和触摸输入，把点击的位置 clickPosition 传入 PlayClickEffect 方法中。
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| using UnityEngine;
public class ScreenClickEffect : MonoBehaviour
{
[Header("特效设置")]
public GameObject clickEffectPrefab;
public float effectDuration = 1f;
void Start()
{
if (clickEffectPrefab != null)
clickEffectPrefab.SetActive(false);
}
void Update()
{
HandleInput();
}
void HandleInput()
{
Vector3 clickPosition = Vector3.zero;
bool hasInput = false;
if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))
{
clickPosition = Input.mousePosition;
hasInput = true;
}
if (Input.touchCount > 0)
{
Touch touch = Input.GetTouch(0);
if (touch.phase == TouchPhase.Began)
{
clickPosition = touch.position;
hasInput = true;
}
}
if (hasInput)
{
PlayClickEffect(clickPosition);
}
}
void PlayClickEffect(Vector3 screenPosition)
{
if (clickEffectPrefab == null)
{
Debug.LogWarning("点击特效预制体未设置！");
return;
}
}
}
|
实例化特效
添加节点组件字段，获得画布和界面的变换组件。
继续完善 PlayClickEffect 方法，使用 RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle 把屏幕坐标转换成当前界面内的本地坐标，把转换后的 localPosition 赋值给实例化出来的特效对象。
最后，延迟 effectDuration 秒后销毁特效。
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| using UnityEngine;
public class ScreenClickEffect : MonoBehaviour
{
[Header("节点组件")]
public Canvas targetCanvas;
public RectTransform rectTransform;
void Start()
{
if (targetCanvas == null)
targetCanvas = FindObjectOfType<Canvas>();
if (rectTransform == null)
rectTransform = GetComponent<RectTransform>();
}
void PlayClickEffect(Vector3 screenPosition)
{
if (clickEffectPrefab == null)
{
Debug.LogWarning("点击特效预制体未设置！");
return;
}
if (targetCanvas == null)
{
Debug.LogWarning("目标Canvas未设置！");
return;
}
if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle(
rectTransform, screenPosition, targetCanvas.worldCamera, out Vector2 localPosition))
{
GameObject effectInstance;
effectInstance = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);
effectInstance.SetActive(true);
if (effectInstance.TryGetComponent<RectTransform>(out var effectRect))
{
effectRect.localPosition = localPosition;
}
else
{
effectInstance.transform.localPosition = (Vector3)localPosition;
}
Destroy(effectInstance, effectDuration);
}
}
}
|
节点组件的引用如图：
运行游戏效果：
对象池优化
因为屏幕点击特效会比较频繁地创建和销毁，可以使用 Unity 内置的对象池进行优化。
这里定义了一个 useObjectPool 字段，可以自行选择是否启用对象池，如果不用的话，就还是以创建销毁的方式播放点击特效。
关于对象池的容量设置，可参考以下建议：
- 休闲游戏，容量4-8，启用对象池，平衡性能和内存
- 音游/快节奏，容量10-20，启用对象池，优先保证流畅度
- 低端设备，容量2-4，可关闭对象池，减少内存占用
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| using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Pool;
public class ScreenClickEffect : MonoBehaviour
{
[Header("对象池设置")]
public bool useObjectPool = true;
public int defaultCapacity = 4;
public int maxSize = 8;
private ObjectPool<GameObject> effectPool;
void Start()
{
if (useObjectPool)
SetupObjectPool();
}
void SetupObjectPool()
{
if (clickEffectPrefab == null)
{
Debug.LogWarning("无法设置对象池：特效预制体未设置！");
return;
}
effectPool = new ObjectPool<GameObject>(
createFunc: CreateEffect,
actionOnGet: OnGetEffect,
actionOnRelease: OnReleaseEffect,
actionOnDestroy: OnDestroyEffect,
collectionCheck: true,
defaultCapacity: defaultCapacity,
maxSize: maxSize
);
}
GameObject CreateEffect()
{
GameObject effect = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);
effect.SetActive(false);
return effect;
}
void OnGetEffect(GameObject effect)
{
effect.SetActive(true);
if (effect.TryGetComponent<ParticleSystem>(out var particles))
{
particles.Clear();
particles.Play();
}
}
void OnReleaseEffect(GameObject effect)
{
if (effect != null)
{
effect.SetActive(false);
if (effect.TryGetComponent<ParticleSystem>(out var particles))
{
particles.Stop();
particles.Clear();
}
}
}
void OnDestroyEffect(GameObject effect)
{
if (effect != null)
{
Destroy(effect);
}
}
void OnDestroy()
{
effectPool?.Dispose();
}
void PlayClickEffect(Vector3 screenPosition)
{
if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle(
rectTransform, screenPosition, targetCanvas.worldCamera, out Vector2 localPosition))
{
GameObject effectInstance;
if (useObjectPool && effectPool != null)
{
effectInstance = effectPool.Get();
}
else
{
effectInstance = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);
effectInstance.SetActive(true);
}
if (effectInstance.TryGetComponent<RectTransform>(out var effectRect))
{
effectRect.localPosition = localPosition;
}
else
{
effectInstance.transform.localPosition = (Vector3)localPosition;
}
if (useObjectPool && effectPool != null)
{
StartCoroutine(ReleaseEffectAfterDelay(effectInstance, effectDuration));
}
else
{
Destroy(effectInstance, effectDuration);
}
}
}
IEnumerator ReleaseEffectAfterDelay(GameObject effect, float delay)
{
yield return new WaitForSeconds(delay);
if (effect != null && effectPool != null)
{
effectPool.Release(effect);
}
}
}
|
完整代码
ScreenClickEffect.cs
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| using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Pool;
public class ScreenClickEffect : MonoBehaviour
{
[Header("特效设置")]
public GameObject clickEffectPrefab;
public float effectDuration = 1f;
[Header("节点组件")]
public Canvas targetCanvas;
public RectTransform rectTransform;
[Header("对象池设置")]
public bool useObjectPool = true;
public int defaultCapacity = 4;
public int maxSize = 8;
private ObjectPool<GameObject> effectPool;
void Start()
{
if (clickEffectPrefab != null)
clickEffectPrefab.SetActive(false);
if (targetCanvas == null)
targetCanvas = FindObjectOfType<Canvas>();
if (rectTransform == null)
rectTransform = GetComponent<RectTransform>();
if (useObjectPool)
SetupObjectPool();
}
void SetupObjectPool()
{
if (clickEffectPrefab == null)
{
Debug.LogWarning("无法设置对象池：特效预制体未设置！");
return;
}
effectPool = new ObjectPool<GameObject>(
createFunc: CreateEffect,
actionOnGet: OnGetEffect,
actionOnRelease: OnReleaseEffect,
actionOnDestroy: OnDestroyEffect,
collectionCheck: true,
defaultCapacity: defaultCapacity,
maxSize: maxSize
);
}
GameObject CreateEffect()
{
GameObject effect = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);
effect.SetActive(false);
return effect;
}
void OnGetEffect(GameObject effect)
{
effect.SetActive(true);
if (effect.TryGetComponent<ParticleSystem>(out var particles))
{
particles.Clear();
particles.Play();
}
}
void OnReleaseEffect(GameObject effect)
{
if (effect != null)
{
effect.SetActive(false);
if (effect.TryGetComponent<ParticleSystem>(out var particles))
{
particles.Stop();
particles.Clear();
}
}
}
void OnDestroyEffect(GameObject effect)
{
if (effect != null)
{
Destroy(effect);
}
}
void Update()
{
HandleInput();
}
void HandleInput()
{
Vector3 clickPosition = Vector3.zero;
bool hasInput = false;
if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))
{
clickPosition = Input.mousePosition;
hasInput = true;
}
if (Input.touchCount > 0)
{
Touch touch = Input.GetTouch(0);
if (touch.phase == TouchPhase.Began)
{
clickPosition = touch.position;
hasInput = true;
}
}
if (hasInput)
{
PlayClickEffect(clickPosition);
}
}
void PlayClickEffect(Vector3 screenPosition)
{
if (clickEffectPrefab == null)
{
Debug.LogWarning("点击特效预制体未设置！");
return;
}
if (targetCanvas == null)
{
Debug.LogWarning("目标Canvas未设置！");
return;
}
if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle(
rectTransform, screenPosition, targetCanvas.worldCamera, out Vector2 localPosition))
{
GameObject effectInstance;
if (useObjectPool && effectPool != null)
{
effectInstance = effectPool.Get();
}
else
{
effectInstance = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);
effectInstance.SetActive(true);
}
if (effectInstance.TryGetComponent<RectTransform>(out var effectRect))
{
effectRect.localPosition = localPosition;
}
else
{
effectInstance.transform.localPosition = (Vector3)localPosition;
}
if (useObjectPool && effectPool != null)
{
StartCoroutine(ReleaseEffectAfterDelay(effectInstance, effectDuration));
}
else
{
Destroy(effectInstance, effectDuration);
}
}
}
IEnumerator ReleaseEffectAfterDelay(GameObject effect, float delay)
{
yield return new WaitForSeconds(delay);
if (effect != null && effectPool != null)
{
effectPool.Release(effect);
}
}
void OnDestroy()
{
effectPool?.Dispose();
}
}
|